Today's trail

Offline evaluation is the dominant experimental paradigm in recommender systems research, enabling reproducible and cost-effective comparisons on historical interaction data. Yet, while considerable attention has been devoted to recommendation models and evaluation…

Inferring 3D cellular properties from 2D microscopy is difficult when a reference instrument reports only population statistics rather than labels for individual cells. Here we develop a population-supervised framework that maps single 2D red-cell images to latent biophysical…

Understanding contextual causality is critical for large language models (LLMs), as it enables them to accurately identify causal relations in specific situations and support more reliable decision-making. Despite its significance, a systematic exploration of contextual…

AI systems are becoming participants in the evaluation and use of scientific research. They encounter citation counts, download statistics and lists of popular articles developed around human readers, but the collective consequences of these signals for artificial readers…