MAC-RRG: Iterative Multi-Agent Collaboration for X-ray Radiology Report Generation

Futian Wang, Yuhan Qiao, Xiao Wang, Dan Xu, Yuehang Li +3

Despite the remarkable progress of LLM-based and knowledge graph-augmented Radiology Report Generation (RRG) methods, existing techniques still suffer from inherent defects. Conventional LLM-only models lack structured medical prior knowledge, resulting in frequent medical hallucinations and low diagnostic interpretability. Current knowledge graph-enhanced schemes adopt static one-round knowledge fusion with single-source knowledge, incapable of dynamic knowledge updating according to generation feedback. This paper proposes a novel Multi-Agent Collaborative iterative framework for X-ray Radiology Report Generation, termed MAC-RRG. Inspired by multi-agent technology, our framework constructs a closed-loop optimization paradigm based on task decoupling and collaborative reasoning. Specifically, the framework first generates a preliminary radiology report from input X-ray images via a vision encoder and a basic LLM. Subsequently, a multimodal knowledge graph (MM-KG) agent mines structured disease correlation and anatomical knowledge from medical knowledge graphs, while an auxiliary knowledge agent extracts unstructured domain knowledge from public medical databases. The…