VIGIL: Verifier-Informed Gated Improvement Loop for Spreadsheet Question Answering

Kang Li, Lu He, Sandarsita Guntupalli

Enterprise agents should improve from delayed feedback without allowing every correction to rewrite system behavior. We study continual harness learning for corpus-level spreadsheet question answering. Building on FiCo (Find-then-Compute), a static retrieval-and-execution backbone, we introduce VIGIL (Verifier-Informed Gated Improvement Loop). Within a question, VIGIL verifies and repairs diversely prompted Structured Query Language (SQL) candidates. Across episodes, delayed labels update only a contract calibrator and query/result-column selector. The base model, prompts, retriever, and recorded candidate pool remain fixed in the continual-learning protocol. With the gold workbook and expected type supplied, the ungated and dual-gated full-replay variants reach 82.4% and 82.0% forward accuracy over 79 documents, from a 75.8% static baseline. The dual gate has the larger retrospective gain (2.7 versus 2.3 points), and its 6.3-point forward gain has a 95% t-interval of 5.6-6.9. In a separate stricter split that excludes 16 documents and 380 questions from fitting and online promotion, the accuracy-only gate raises mean held-out accuracy across ten final harnesses from 80.3% to…