Not All Graphs Are Maps: A Task-Agnostic Exploration Framework for Mobile GUI Navigation

Adamo Orsini, Seyed Mehdi Ayyoubzadeh, Sadman Rakib Pinon, Hannuo Zhang, Koosha Gholipour Baradari +3

Modern mobile GUI agents can perceive visible screens and execute local actions, but they still lack persistent app-specific navigation knowledge: where functions live, which pages contain them, and which screens are equivalent across repeated visits. We introduce TAG-Nav, a Task-Agnostic Graph Navigation framework that wraps existing GUI-agent backbones with reusable destination memory. Offline exploration is distilled into compact records of app functions, target pages, and waypoint routes before any evaluated instruction is seen. When a future task's destination is covered, TAG-Nav retrieves the destination and provides route guidance without task-specific demonstrations. This separates mobile GUI destination navigation from full task completion: many tasks share the prefix of reaching the right page, while final actions may enter content, send data, make purchases, delete information, or change sensitive settings. To evaluate route finding without downstream execution confounds, we introduce DestBench, a navigation-only protocol that asks whether an agent reaches the correct pre-action destination screen. DestBench enables a controlled graph-memory study comparing no-memory…