TriRouter: Sparse-to-Dense Electrode-Space Routing for Robust EEG Motor Imagery Decoding

Ying Zhou, Yaoxin, Mengting Liu

Motor imagery brain-computer interfaces require reliable decoding from multichannel EEG, but practical acquisition often yields sparse or corrupted electrode montages. We propose TriRouter, an electrode-space routing framework with discriminative-preservation, mask-robustness, and latent-compensation paths. A validation-calibrated router uses observable channel availability to allocate path contributions, preserving complete-channel discrimination while increasing representation recovery under severe missingness. In BNCI2014-001, TriRouter outperforms standard public backbones and a dynamic-spatial-filtering corrupted-EEG baseline. It improves accuracy over the strongest corrupted-EEG baseline by 3.68, 4.02, and 6.46 percentage points at nominal 25%, 50%, and 75% missing settings, and remains effective under structured regional missingness and additional low-channel dataset evaluation.