EvalRx: Agentic Diagnosis and Verified Repair of Foundation Models

Jiaqi Liu, Ruinan Jin, Yitong Tang, Beidi Zhao, Gexin Huang +2

Model evaluation reveals where models fail, but rarely why or whether a proposed fix genuinely works. We introduce EvalRx, an open-source agentic framework for statistically grounded model diagnosis and repair. EvalRx discovers systematic failure modes, explores candidate mechanisms, formulates falsifiable hypotheses, and verifies them by executing frozen, pre-specified tests before using supported diagnoses to guide tiered repair. Candidate repairs are validated against the unchanged model and promoted only when they improve the target behavior without unacceptable regression. Across language, vision-language, and audio-language settings spanning Gemini, Qwen, Gemma, and Nemotron, EvalRx improves performance in all 12 evaluated model family-modality combinations, with gains ranging from +1.4 to +10.9 percentage points (+5.8 points on average). These results show that model evaluation can serve not only to measure failures, but to support an auditable process for diagnosing and repairing them.