Offline Apprenticeship Learning for Human-Centric Environments

Md Mirajul Islam

Effective decision-making in human-centric environments such as Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) and clinical healthcare requires policies that are adaptive, data-efficient, and ethically deployable. Apprenticeship Learning (AL) infers policies directly from expert demonstrations by recovering the underlying reward structure, enabling strictly offline learning without environment interaction. This dissertation develops a progression of offline AL frameworks organized around two challenges: reward modeling and demonstration quality. For reward modeling, EM-EDM clusters demonstrations by latent reward functions and induces cluster-specific policies, and THEMES partitions trajectories into temporally coherent sub-trajectories guided by a hierarchically learned reward regulator; across one educational and three clinical datasets, THEMES outperforms flat and hierarchical AL baselines. For demonstration quality, HALIDE integrates continuous quality signals into hierarchical policy induction, enabling principled reuse of mixed-quality data under distribution shift. CCHAL further attributes quality to individual decisions via Bayesian credit assignment, dual-arm criticality scoring…