Bridging Number-Theoretic Primality Testing And Algorithmic Optimization: An Adaptive Cryptographic Framework

Tran Minh Thanh, Vo Hoai Viet

The security of modern public-key cryptographic systems, such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman, and ECC, depends entirely on the computational intractability of the integer factorization and discrete logarithm problems. For these asymmetric algorithms to operate, a core requirement is that the system must be capable of generating, testing, and simultaneously proving the primality of extraordinarily large numbers. To meet those requirements, this study proposes a comprehensive framework, bridging clas- sical number theory with modern machine learning models and optimization algorithms. Specifically, the paper delineates an adaptive, arbitrary-precision architecture dedicated exclusively to primality testing. Concurrently, the research deeply analyzes the theoretical foundations of testing methods (both deterministic and probabilistic), hardware-level optimization techniques, and the application of quantum-secured entropy sources, while providing rigorous mathematical proofs to guarantee security even when the prime distribution is biased.