Moment-Guided Optimizers for Noisy Deep Learning: MGO-SC as a Simple Consistency Gate for Adam-Style Updates

Alicem Koyun

Adaptive optimizers are widely used in deep learning, yet their behavior can degrade under heavy stochasticity and label noise where the sign and magnitude of gradients can be unstable. We study MGO-SC (Moment-Guided Optimizer with Sign-Consistency), a lightweight modification of Adam-style methods that derives a coordinate-wise consistency gate from the magnitude of a sign exponential moving average (EMA): coordinates whose gradient sign is stable are trusted, while coordinates whose sign fluctuates are down-weighted. We show that the naive form of this gate, which can only shrink updates, loses effective step size and underperforms when the learning rate is matched to the baseline. We therefore introduce a mean-preserving variant that reallocates trust across coordinates without changing the net per-tensor step magnitude. On CIFAR-10 with ResNet-18, under a matched learning rate and decoupled weight decay, mean-preserving MGO-SC consistently improves over its AdamW baseline across clean, symmetric, and asymmetric label noise (e.g., +1.4 points at 40% symmetric noise; paired bootstrap 95% CI excluding zero; Wilcoxon p<0.01), while adding no second-order information or per-sample…