AmbiHTMLBench: A Benchmark for HTML-based Visually Rich Document parsing

Boyu Niu, Yingjie Xiong, Shurui Li, Linhan Pang, Yuntong Zhang +6

Traditional document parsing systems use Markdown as their output representation, which is effective for linear text but does not fully preserve fine-grained spatial structure, table geometry, visual hierarchy, or rendering semantics. We show that HTML is advantageous for heterogeneous and layout-sensitive documents whose representations must remain editable, inspectable, and reusable, and introduce AmbiHTMLBench to systematically study this setting. In this benchmark, given a real-world document, a model must recover executable HTML that preserves its content, organization, and visual appearance. The benchmark contains 1,115 diverse pages with structured annotations and evaluates predictions in two different ways: The objective protocol aligns ground-truth and predicted rendered blocks and measures table fidelity, page-level text error, and a two-dimensional layout consistency; a complementary reference-anchored protocol measures perceived fidelity by aligning LLM judges with human preferences. Across ten primary multimodal systems, the best objective score is 0.8092, while the subjective winner is different, demonstrating that automatic decomposition and human-perceived…